Iskanwaya

Iskanwaya is a pre-Columbian archaeological site in Bolivia, located on a mountain ridge overlooking the Llica River valley, northeast of Lake Titicaca. It is believed to have been a major urban center of the Mollo culture, flourishing between 1100 and 1450 AD. The site is characterized by its well-preserved stone architecture, including houses, streets, plazas, and a sophisticated agricultural terracing system.

The name "Iskanwaya" may derive from Aymara words relating to building materials or the shape of the site. Archaeological investigations reveal a complex social organization and advanced agricultural practices, enabling the population to thrive in the challenging Andean environment. The Mollo people are thought to have been skilled farmers, growing crops such as potatoes, quinoa, and corn on the terraced slopes.

The layout of Iskanwaya suggests a structured urban plan with distinct residential and public spaces. The buildings are primarily constructed from locally sourced stone, carefully fitted together without the use of mortar. The terracing system is particularly notable for its engineering prowess, designed to prevent soil erosion and maximize agricultural production.

While the Mollo culture eventually declined, possibly due to climate change or conflict with other groups, Iskanwaya remains an important testament to their ingenuity and adaptability. The site provides valuable insights into the pre-Columbian history of the Andes region and the development of complex societies in challenging environments. Ongoing research and preservation efforts aim to further understand and protect this significant archaeological site.