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Court of Arbitration (New South Wales)

The Court of Arbitration (New South Wales) was a specialist court established in New South Wales, Australia, to resolve industrial disputes and set wages and working conditions. It operated under various iterations of industrial relations legislation throughout the 20th century, playing a significant role in shaping the state's industrial landscape.

The primary function of the Court of Arbitration was to prevent and settle strikes and lockouts by providing a forum for employers and employee representatives to negotiate and, failing agreement, for the Court to make binding awards. These awards covered a wide range of issues, including minimum wages, hours of work, leave entitlements, and other employment conditions.

The Court's powers and structure evolved over time, reflecting changes in government policy and the broader industrial relations environment. Its composition typically included judges and industrial commissioners, drawing on expertise in both law and industrial relations practice. Decisions of the Court had significant legal and economic implications, affecting businesses and workers across various industries in New South Wales.

The Court of Arbitration was eventually replaced by other industrial tribunals and mechanisms as industrial relations legislation was reformed and modernized in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Its legacy, however, remains significant, shaping the development of modern employment law and industrial relations practices in New South Wales.