Battle of Qalamoun (2013–2014)

The Battle of Qalamoun (2013–2014) refers to a series of military engagements fought in the Qalamoun region of Syria, primarily between Syrian Armed Forces and Hezbollah on one side, and various rebel groups including Jabhat al-Nusra (al-Qaeda's affiliate in Syria at the time) and other Islamist factions on the other. The Qalamoun region is strategically important due to its location along the Syrian-Lebanese border, controlling key supply routes and providing a vital link between Damascus and the coast.

The offensive launched by the Syrian government and its allies aimed to secure the region, sever rebel supply lines to Lebanon, and ultimately consolidate control over the strategic Damascus-Homs highway. Fighting was characterized by mountainous terrain, harsh winter conditions, and a mix of conventional warfare and guerrilla tactics. Key battles took place in towns and villages like Yabroud, Deir Atiyeh, Maaloula, and Zara.

The Syrian government and Hezbollah forces gradually gained ground throughout the offensive, culminating in the capture of Yabroud in March 2014. This victory significantly weakened the rebel presence in Qalamoun. While pockets of rebel resistance remained, the government’s control over the majority of the region was established by the end of 2014.

The battle resulted in significant casualties on both sides, as well as widespread displacement of civilians. The outcome of the Battle of Qalamoun had a significant impact on the Syrian Civil War, strengthening the Syrian government's position and impacting the flow of fighters and supplies across the Syrian-Lebanese border.