Baglamas

The baglamas (also spelled baglamás) is a long-necked bowl-lute instrument used in Greek music, particularly in the Rebetiko tradition. It is a smaller version of the bouzouki, tuned an octave higher. The baglamas is primarily a melody instrument, often playing melodic embellishments and counter-melodies around the main bouzouki part.

Construction and Tuning:

The body of the baglamas is typically pear-shaped, resembling a miniature bouzouki or oud. It's usually made of wood, though synthetic materials are sometimes used. The neck is long and fretted, and the headstock typically features machine heads for tuning. The instrument usually has three double courses of strings, though variations exist.

The standard tuning is D-A-D (D3-A3-D4), although other tunings are also used, often depending on the specific musical tradition or the player's preference. This tuning corresponds to the lowest three courses of the bouzouki.

Role in Music:

The baglamas is often used in ensembles along with the bouzouki, guitar, and other instruments. Its high pitch allows it to cut through the ensemble mix, adding a distinct color and texture to the music. It's particularly well-suited for accompanying vocals and playing intricate melodic lines. Due to its smaller size, it's also a popular instrument for traveling musicians.

History and Cultural Significance:

The baglamas' origins are closely linked to the bouzouki and the development of Rebetiko music. It served as a portable and often more discreet instrument for musicians during times of social and political restrictions. The instrument remains an important part of Greek folk music and continues to be played by musicians both in Greece and around the world.