Amethyst

Amethyst is a violet variety of quartz. It owes its color to irradiation, iron impurities, and the presence of trace elements, which result in complex color centers. The hardness of amethyst is 7 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively durable.

Properties

Amethyst is a silicate mineral composed of silicon dioxide (SiO₂). Its characteristic purple color can range from a light pinkish violet to a deep, saturated purple. Color zoning is common, with areas of lighter and darker color within the same crystal. Heating amethyst can alter its color, sometimes turning it yellow or brown, which can produce citrine or prasiolite. The crystal structure is trigonal.

Occurrence

Amethyst is found worldwide. Significant deposits are located in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, Russia, Canada, and the United States. It typically forms in geodes or volcanic rocks.

Uses

Amethyst has been used for centuries as a gemstone in jewelry. It is also used in ornamental objects. In ancient times, it was believed to have protective properties and was associated with royalty. Today, it is valued for its beauty and is often used in spiritual practices.

Etymology

The name "amethyst" comes from the Greek word amethystos, meaning "non-intoxicated." The ancient Greeks believed that amethyst could protect against drunkenness, and drinking vessels were sometimes carved from it.