61st Division (Philippines)

The 61st Division was a military formation of the Philippine Army during World War II. Activated in 1941 as part of the mobilization efforts in anticipation of war with Japan, the division was primarily composed of reservists and Philippine Army Training Cadre (PATC) graduates from the Visayas region, particularly the island of Panay.

The division was under the command of Brigadier General Bradford G. Chynoweth, who also commanded the Visayan-Mindanao Force. Its organization was typical of Philippine Army divisions at the time, with three infantry regiments and supporting artillery and service units.

The 61st Division played a role in the defense of Panay against the Japanese invasion in 1942. Despite putting up resistance, the division, like other Philippine Army units, was ultimately overwhelmed by the superior firepower and experience of the Japanese Imperial Army. Following the surrender of the Philippines, many members of the 61st Division went underground and formed the nucleus of the Panay guerilla movement, which continued to resist the Japanese occupation throughout the war. The division was never formally deactivated, but its structure was severely disrupted during the occupation. After the war, veterans of the 61st Division were recognized for their service and contributions to the Allied war effort.