Nib (pen)

A nib is the writing tip of a quill, dip pen, fountain pen, ballpoint pen, or stylus. It is the part that comes into contact with the writing surface to deposit ink, or in the case of a stylus, to register pressure. Nibs are made from a variety of materials, each offering different characteristics in terms of flexibility, ink flow, and durability.

Materials

• Metal: Metal nibs, particularly those made of steel or gold, are common in fountain pens and dip pens. Gold nibs are often tipped with a hard alloy, such as osmium or iridium, to increase their wear resistance. The shape and size of the metal nib determine the line width produced.
• Quill: Historically, nibs were commonly fashioned from bird feathers, especially goose feathers. The quill was carefully shaped and trimmed to create a pointed writing tip.
• Synthetic materials: Styluses for digital devices often employ nibs made from synthetic materials such as rubber or plastic. These nibs are designed to mimic the feel of writing on paper and to prevent damage to the screen.
• Other materials: Historically, nibs could be made from other materials like reeds.

Types of Nibs

Nibs come in various shapes and sizes to produce different line widths and writing styles. Common types include:

• Fine: Produces a thin, precise line.
• Medium: A general-purpose nib that creates a moderate line width.
• Broad: Creates a thick, bold line.
• Italic: A flat-edged nib that produces line variation depending on the angle of the pen.
• Oblique: A nib with a slanted tip, often used for calligraphy.
• Stub: A broader nib with slightly rounded edges, useful for elegant handwriting.

Function and Use

The nib's primary function is to control the flow of ink (or pressure, in the case of a stylus) onto the writing surface. In fountain pens, ink flows from the reservoir through a feed system to the nib. The design of the nib, including its shape, slit(s), and tipping material, significantly impacts the writing experience. The nib's flexibility affects the amount of line variation that can be achieved through pressure. Proper maintenance, including regular cleaning, is essential to ensure optimal performance and prevent clogging.