Bhaskara (satellites)

The Bhaskara satellites, Bhaskara-I and Bhaskara-II, were two Indian remote sensing satellites built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). They were part of India's early efforts in developing its own space-based Earth observation capabilities.

Bhaskara-I, launched on June 7, 1979, was an experimental satellite designed to gather data on meteorology, forestry, and hydrology using microwave radiometers and television cameras. It aimed to provide experience in building and operating remote sensing satellites, as well as in processing and utilizing the data obtained.

Bhaskara-II, launched on November 20, 1981, was a follow-on mission to Bhaskara-I. It carried similar payloads, including a two-channel microwave radiometer (SAMIR) and a TV camera system. Bhaskara-II provided valuable data for land resources management, oceanography, and meteorology studies. It also helped in refining the technologies used in Bhaskara-I.

Both satellites were launched using Soviet rockets. The Bhaskara program played a significant role in building India's expertise in remote sensing technology and laid the foundation for future Indian Earth observation satellites like the IRS series. While their operational lives were limited, the Bhaskara satellites provided valuable data and contributed significantly to the development of India's space program.