Enkō-ji

Enkō-ji (圓光寺) is a Zen Buddhist temple located in Sakyō-ku, Kyoto, Japan. It belongs to the Rinzaishū Nanzen-ji branch of Zen Buddhism.

History: Enkō-ji was originally founded in 1601 by Tokugawa Ieyasu as a school, intended to promote literacy and education, particularly Confucianism and movable-type printing, among the burgeoning samurai class. The original printing blocks used are still preserved at the temple. Ieyasu established the school to improve the educational level of the country and thereby strengthen the Tokugawa shogunate. Later, in the 17th century, it was converted into a Zen temple.

Features:

• Gardens: Enkō-ji is particularly renowned for its exquisite gardens, including the Enkō-ji Garden and the Jūgyū no Niwa (Ten Ox Herding Pictures Garden). The Enkō-ji Garden features vibrant maple trees, making it a popular destination for autumn foliage viewing (koyo). Jūgyū no Niwa depicts the Zen Buddhist allegory of the Ten Ox Herding Pictures using carefully placed rocks.
• Statues: The temple houses significant Buddhist statues, including the Taketora Kannon, a statue of Kannon Bodhisattva.
• Bell: The bell at Enkō-ji, often used to signal the start of classes at the temple's former school, is still rung regularly.
• Paintings and Calligraphy: The temple possesses a collection of paintings and calligraphy.

Significance: Enkō-ji is a significant historical site because of its role in the early development of education and printing in Japan during the Edo period. Its gardens offer a peaceful retreat and a showcase of traditional Japanese garden design principles. The temple's unique blend of educational origins and Zen Buddhist practice makes it a noteworthy destination for visitors interested in Japanese history, religion, and culture.