Dwiggins

William Addison Dwiggins (1880-1956) was an American type designer, calligrapher, and book designer. He is renowned for his significant contributions to the field of graphic design during the first half of the 20th century.

Dwiggins coined the term "graphic designer" in 1922, giving a formal name to the professional role that combined artistic and commercial aspects of visual communication.

His typefaces include Metro (1929), Electra (1935), Caledonia (1938), and Charter (designed in the 1930s but not released until 1980). These fonts were known for their readability, elegance, and practicality, and were widely used in book publishing and advertising.

Beyond typeface design, Dwiggins was a prolific book designer, creating innovative and visually appealing book layouts, covers, and illustrations. He experimented with unconventional typography and ornamentation, pushing the boundaries of traditional book design.

Dwiggins also had a passion for puppetry and designed and built elaborate marionettes and sets, using them in theatrical productions. This interest in three-dimensional forms influenced his graphic design work, particularly his understanding of visual space and composition.

His artistic style blended Art Deco and Modernist aesthetics, creating a unique and recognizable visual language. Dwiggins's work continues to inspire graphic designers and typographers today. His papers are held at the Boston Public Library.