43 (Korean: 사십삼, sasip‑sam) is the natural number that follows 42 and precedes 44. It is a cardinal numeral used in mathematics, everyday counting, and various cultural contexts in Korea and other East Asian societies.
Etymology and pronunciation
- Hangul: 사십삼
- Revised Romanization: sasip‑sam
- Pronunciation: [saɕip͈ɕam]
The word is formed by combining the Korean words for “forty” (사십, sasip) and “three” (삼, sam).
Numerical classification
- Type: Cardinal number
- Parity: Odd
- Prime status: Composite; factors are 1, 43.
- Roman numeral: XLIII
Mathematical properties
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Divisibility | Divisible only by 1 and 43 (prime). |
| Binary representation | 101011₂ |
| Hexadecimal representation | 2B₁₆ |
| Square | 1,849 (43²) |
| Cube | 79,507 (43³) |
| Fibonacci index | The 43rd Fibonacci number is 433 494 437. |
| Triangular number | Not triangular (no integer n with n(n+1)/2 = 43). |
Usage in Korean language
| Context | Example |
|---|---|
| Counting objects | 사십삼 개 (43 pieces) |
| Age | 사십삼 살 (43 years old) |
| Year | 2023년은 사십삼번째 해가 아니다; 2043년은 사십삼년이다. |
| Telephone numbers | 010‑1234‑5678 (the “43” segment may appear as part of a subscriber number). |
| Addresses | 서울특별시 강남구 논현동 43-12 (building number 43‑12). |
In Korean, numbers above 20 are typically expressed as a combination of the tens and units, so “43” is spoken as “사‑십‑삼” (literally “four‑ten‑three”).
Cultural references
- Military designation: The Republic of Korea Army’s 43rd Infantry Division (제43보병사단) is a notable unit.
- Transportation: Bus route 43 operates in several Korean cities, linking residential districts with downtown areas.
- Pop culture: The Korean drama “43일의 사랑” (fictional title) uses the number symbolically to denote a period of transformation.
Unlike numbers such as 4 (사) or 13 (십삼), 43 does not hold any widely recognized auspicious or inauspicious connotation in Korean culture.
International equivalents
| Language | Word | Script | Romanization |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japanese | 四十三 | 四十七 | yonjū‑san |
| Chinese (Mandarin) | 四十三 | 四十三 | sìshísān |
| English | Forty‑three | – | forty‑three |
| French | quarante‑trois | – | quarante‑trois |
See also
- [[42 (number)]]
- [[44 (number)]]
- [[Korean numerals]]
- [[Prime number]]
References
- 한국수학회, 한국어 수 체계, Seoul: KMA Press, 2020.
- Lee, J.-H. (2018). Numbers in Korean Culture. Seoul National University Press.
- International Standards Organization. ISO 31‑0: Quantities and Units – General Principles.
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