Polemon (snake)

Polemon is a genus of venomous snakes in the family Atractaspididae. These snakes are commonly referred to as snake-eaters or stiletto snakes due to their diet and unique fang structure. They are native to sub-Saharan Africa.

Polemon snakes are typically small to medium in size, with cylindrical bodies adapted for burrowing. A key characteristic of the genus is the presence of elongated, hinged fangs that can project laterally from the mouth, even when the mouth is closed. This adaptation allows them to strike sideways at prey in confined spaces, making them efficient predators of other snakes.

Their diet primarily consists of other snakes, including burrowing species. Some species may also consume amphibians, lizards, and small rodents.

The venom of Polemon species is generally considered to be mild to moderate in potency compared to some other venomous snakes. However, their specialized fangs can make envenomation possible even with a closed mouth or minimal contact, and bites can be painful.

Several species are recognized within the Polemon genus, with variations in size, coloration, and geographical distribution. Identifying specific Polemon species can be challenging due to their morphological similarity and secretive habits.

Due to their elusive nature and fossorial lifestyle, much remains unknown about the behavior and ecology of Polemon snakes.