Lynceidae

Lynceidae is a family of clam shrimp belonging to the order Laevicaudata. They are small crustaceans characterized by a bivalved carapace that encloses the body but not the head. Lynceids are found globally in temporary freshwater habitats, such as vernal pools and ephemeral ponds.

Description:

Lynceids possess a translucent or lightly colored carapace that allows observation of internal organs. They have 10-12 pairs of phyllopodous legs used for filter-feeding and locomotion. These legs beat rhythmically to create a water current, drawing in organic particles and plankton. Lynceids lack a true heart; blood circulates through the body cavity via contractions of the appendages. They are typically small, ranging from a few millimeters to approximately one centimeter in length.

Ecology and Behavior:

Lynceids are adapted to thrive in temporary water bodies, enduring periods of desiccation as dormant cysts (resting eggs). These cysts are highly resistant and can survive for extended periods in dry sediment, hatching when favorable conditions return. Reproduction can be both sexual and asexual (parthenogenesis). They primarily feed on algae, bacteria, and detritus. Lynceids are an important food source for larger invertebrates and vertebrates in their ecosystems, particularly during the early stages of temporary pool inundation.

Taxonomy:

The Lynceidae family is relatively small, encompassing a limited number of genera and species. Systematic classification can be complex, with ongoing revisions based on morphological and molecular data.