Jathedar

A Jathedar (ਜਥੇਦਾਰ) is a term used within the Sikh tradition to denote the appointed leader of a Sikh organization, institution, or a specific Jatha (group). While the title can apply to leaders of various Sikh groups, it most commonly refers to the appointed heads of the five Takhts (seats of temporal authority) within Sikhism.

The five Takhts, considered the most important Gurudwaras (Sikh temples) in Sikhism, are:

• Akal Takht Sahib, Amritsar
• Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib, Anandpur
• Takht Sri Damdama Sahib, Talwandi Sabo
• Takht Sri Patna Sahib, Patna
• Takht Sri Hazur Sahib, Nanded

The Jathedar of each Takht is responsible for upholding Sikh principles, traditions, and religious conduct. Their duties include interpreting Sikh scripture, issuing edicts (Hukamnamas) on matters of religious importance, and addressing issues affecting the Sikh community. The Jathedar of the Akal Takht is generally considered the highest religious authority for Sikhs worldwide.

The appointment of a Jathedar is typically made by a committee of Sikh leaders, often the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC). The selection process varies, but generally involves consideration of the individual's knowledge of Sikh theology, their dedication to the Sikh faith, and their ability to provide leadership to the Sikh community.

The role of the Jathedar carries significant weight, and their pronouncements can have a profound impact on Sikh religious and social life. However, the authority and influence of Jathedars have sometimes been subject to debate and controversy within the Sikh community, particularly regarding the interpretation and application of Sikh doctrines and the management of Sikh institutions.