Gorkha regiments (India)

The Gorkha regiments of the Indian Army are regiments originally raised by the British Indian Army and, after Indian independence, transferred to the Indian Army. These regiments are composed of soldiers of Nepalese Gorkha heritage, recruited primarily from Nepal and certain areas of India with significant Gorkha populations. They are renowned for their bravery, discipline, and distinctive kukri knives.

Historically, the British East India Company first encountered Gorkha soldiers in the early 19th century during the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816). Impressed by their fighting prowess, the British began recruiting Gorkhas into their army. This practice continued after the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and throughout the British Raj.

Following India's independence in 1947, a tripartite agreement between India, Nepal, and the United Kingdom determined the fate of the existing Gorkha regiments. Six Gorkha regiments were transferred to the Indian Army, while four remained with the British Army. The Indian Army continued the tradition of recruiting Gorkha soldiers, maintaining their distinct identity, traditions, and ethos.

The Gorkha regiments have participated in numerous conflicts and peacekeeping operations since 1947, both within India and abroad. They have earned numerous gallantry awards, including Param Vir Chakras (India's highest military decoration for valour) for their outstanding courage and sacrifice in the face of the enemy.

The regiments are identifiable by their regimental numbers (e.g., 1 Gorkha Rifles, 5 Gorkha Rifles, etc.) and the various insignia worn by the soldiers. Their battle cry, "Jai Maha Kali, Ayo Gorkhali!" ("Glory to the Great Kali, the Gorkhas are coming!"), is a testament to their martial spirit and devotion to duty. The kukri, a curved Nepalese knife, is an integral part of their uniform and a symbol of their warrior heritage.

Recruitment is conducted primarily in Nepal, with selection criteria emphasizing physical fitness, mental aptitude, and a strong desire to serve. While the Gorkha regiments are deeply rooted in tradition, they have also adapted to modern warfare and continue to be a vital component of the Indian Army.