Concavus

In anatomy and botany, "concavus" (Latin for "hollow," "concave") describes a surface or structure that is curved inward, resembling the interior of a sphere or bowl. It is the opposite of convexus, which describes a surface curved outward.

The term is used to specify the shape of bones, organs, leaves, and other biological structures. The degree of concavity can vary, ranging from a slight inward curve to a deep, pronounced hollow. When describing a concave surface, one might refer to its radius of curvature or depth.

The concept of concavity is important in understanding the function of various anatomical and botanical features. For instance, the concave shape of certain bones provides points of articulation with other bones, while the concave shape of some leaves can help to capture sunlight.

The term may also be used more generally in scientific descriptions to indicate a hollowed-out or indented shape.