Chiton (genus)

Chiton is a genus of polyplacophoran molluscs, commonly known as chitons. It belongs to the family Chitonidae within the order Chitonida. Species within this genus are characterized by their flattened, elongated bodies covered by eight overlapping calcareous plates or valves, which are embedded in a tough girdle. The girdle, often adorned with scales, bristles, or spines, protects the plates and anchors the animal to the substrate.

Chiton species are primarily marine, inhabiting rocky intertidal and subtidal zones. They are found worldwide, with a greater diversity in warmer waters. These animals are typically herbivores, grazing on algae and other microscopic organisms that grow on rocks. They use a rasping tongue-like organ called a radula, which is reinforced with iron-containing teeth, to scrape food from the surface.

The shell plates provide protection against predators and physical abrasion. When threatened, chitons can tightly adhere to the substrate using their broad foot, making them difficult to dislodge. They are relatively slow-moving animals, relying on camouflage and strong attachment to avoid predation.

Reproduction in Chiton involves the release of eggs and sperm into the water column, where fertilization occurs. Larvae develop into free-swimming trochophore larvae before settling and metamorphosing into juvenile chitons.

The classification and taxonomy of Chiton and related genera have been subject to revision based on morphological and molecular data. Further research continues to refine our understanding of the evolutionary relationships within this group of molluscs.