Buff ware

Buff ware is a term used in archaeology and art history to describe a type of pottery characterized by its light, yellowish-tan to pale orange (buff) color. This color is usually the result of firing clay that contains little or no iron in an oxidizing atmosphere. The term refers primarily to the color of the fired clay body, rather than any specific shape, decoration, or geographic origin.

Buff ware can be found in various periods and cultures, and its presence often reflects the local availability of suitable clay resources. While the color itself is a defining characteristic, the quality, texture, and intended use of buff ware can vary significantly. Some examples of buff ware are coarse and utilitarian, while others are highly refined and decorated.

The term is commonly used in the study of ceramics from the Near East, the Mediterranean, and parts of Europe. Distinguishing buff ware from other types of pottery often requires careful examination of the clay composition, firing conditions, and associated archaeological context. Because clay composition varies regionally, "buff ware" is a descriptive term rather than an indication of a specific production center or style. It's a broad classification aiding in the categorization and study of ceramic assemblages.