BMW M54

The BMW M54 is an inline-6 (straight-6) DOHC piston engine which was produced from 2000 to 2006. It replaced the M52 engine and was used in a variety of BMW models across the 3 Series, 5 Series, X3, and Z4 ranges. The M54 is an all-aluminum engine featuring double VANOS (variable valve timing) and electronic throttle control. It was available in displacements of 2.2L, 2.5L, and 3.0L. Key improvements over its predecessor included increased performance and reduced emissions due to enhanced catalytic converter technology and engine management. Specific variations of the M54 engine had different power and torque outputs depending on the displacement and the target vehicle application.