Trochanteriidae is a family of spiders, commonly known as flat spiders or flattened bark spiders, within the suborder Araneomorphae. This family is recognized for its members' distinctively flattened bodies, which allow them to inhabit narrow spaces such as under bark, rocks, or leaf litter. They are primarily nocturnal hunters, preying on other small invertebrates.
Taxonomy Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Arachnida Order: Araneae Suborder: Araneomorphae Infraorder: Entelegynae Family: Trochanteriidae
Characteristics Spiders in the family Trochanteriidae typically exhibit a dorsoventrally flattened body shape, an adaptation that facilitates their ability to squeeze into tight crevices. Their coloration often provides excellent camouflage, blending with their environment, such as tree bark or rocks. They possess eight eyes arranged in various configurations depending on the genus. These spiders are free-ranging hunters, meaning they do not build webs to catch prey but instead actively pursue it. They are known for their relatively long legs and often rapid movement.
Habitat and Distribution Trochanteriidae spiders are predominantly found in the Southern Hemisphere, with significant diversity in Australia and New Guinea. Their distribution also extends to parts of South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia. They inhabit a range of environments, including forests, woodlands, and arid regions, where they seek shelter under loose bark, stones, logs, or in leaf litter during the day.
Ecology and Behavior As nocturnal predators, Trochanteriidae spiders emerge at night to hunt a variety of insects and other small arthropods. Their flattened bodies not only aid in concealment but also allow them to ambush unsuspecting prey from tight spaces. Their hunting strategy involves active pursuit and capture rather than ensnaring prey in a web. When disturbed, they may exhibit a rapid escape response or remain perfectly still, relying on their camouflage.