Tragidion carinatum is a species of longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Cerambycinae. It is commonly known as the carinate mesquite borer or mesquite tragidion.
Description
Adult Tragidion carinatum are robust beetles, typically ranging from 20 to 35 millimeters in length. Their coloration varies from reddish-brown to dark brown or black. The most distinctive feature, from which its specific epithet "carinatum" (Latin for "keeled") is derived, is the presence of a prominent, often sharply defined longitudinal keel or ridge on the pronotum (the dorsal surface of the thorax). The antennae are segmented and relatively long, often extending beyond the midpoint of the elytra, and may exhibit sexual dimorphism in length. The elytra (wing covers) are generally distinctly punctate and may have a somewhat rough or rugose texture.
Distribution and Habitat
This species is native to the arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Its geographic range includes states such as Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and parts of California, extending south into various Mexican states. Tragidion carinatum is strongly associated with mesquite trees (Prosopis spp.), which serve as its primary larval host plants. It thrives in desert environments, grasslands, and riparian areas where mesquite and other suitable host trees are prevalent.
Life Cycle and Ecology
Like other members of the family Cerambycidae, Tragidion carinatum undergoes complete metamorphosis. Females lay their eggs in crevices or under the bark of host trees, particularly mesquite. Upon hatching, the larvae bore into the wood, where they feed on the heartwood and sapwood. The larval stage can extend for several years, during which time the larvae create extensive tunnels within the host tree. Larvae are typically cream-colored and legless. This feeding activity can sometimes cause significant damage or stress, especially to younger or weakened trees. Pupation occurs within the wood. Adults are active primarily during the late summer and fall months, typically from August through November. They can be found on host trees, where they may feed on sap, or occasionally on flowers. Adults are also known to be attracted to artificial lights at night.
Taxonomy
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Coleoptera
- Family: Cerambycidae
- Subfamily: Cerambycinae
- Genus: Tragidion
- Species: T. carinatum (LeConte, 1858)