The Texas mouse (Peromyscus attwateri) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is a member of the genus Peromyscus, commonly known as deer mice or white-footed mice, and is sometimes also referred to as Attwater's mouse. This species is endemic to the south-central United States.
Description
The Texas mouse is a medium-sized mouse with typical Peromyscus features. Adults generally measure about 18 to 22 cm (7 to 8.5 in) in total length, including a tail that is usually longer than the head and body combined, ranging from 8 to 11 cm (3 to 4.5 in). Body weight typically ranges from 18 to 30 grams (0.6 to 1.1 oz). The fur on its back is a grayish-brown to reddish-brown, often darker along the midline, while its belly and feet are distinctly white. The tail is bicolored, dark on top and lighter underneath, and sparsely haired. It possesses large eyes and relatively large ears, characteristic of nocturnal rodents.Distribution and Habitat
The Texas mouse's range extends primarily through the Blackland Prairies and associated woodlands of Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri, and Louisiana. Its distribution is somewhat patchy and tied to specific habitat requirements. It prefers rocky, wooded areas, often on hillsides, bluffs, and outcrops, particularly those dominated by oak-hickory woodlands or juniper-oak savannas. These habitats provide ample cover in the form of rock crevices, fallen logs, and leaf litter for nesting and foraging. It avoids open grasslands and dense, moist forests.Diet
The diet of the Texas mouse is omnivorous and highly opportunistic, varying with seasonal availability. It primarily consumes seeds, nuts, fruits, and insects. Acorns are a significant food source when available, as are the seeds of various grasses and forbs. They also prey on small invertebrates such as beetles, caterpillars, and spiders. Like many Peromyscus species, they are known to cache food, especially seeds, for later consumption.Behavior and Reproduction
Texas mice are nocturnal, spending the day in their nests, which are typically located in rock crevices, hollow logs, or abandoned burrows. They are generally solitary but may tolerate others in communal nests during colder periods. They are agile climbers and jumpers.Reproduction can occur throughout the year, but peaks in spring and fall. The gestation period is approximately 23-25 days. Females typically give birth to litters of 2 to 6 young, with an average of 3-4. The young are altricial (helpless at birth), born blind and hairless. They are weaned at around 3-4 weeks of age and reach sexual maturity at about 6-8 weeks. Lifespan in the wild is typically less than one year, though they can live longer in captivity.