The Smith River is a river located in the parish of St. Elizabeth, Jamaica. It is one of several waterways that contribute to the extensive hydrological network of the island's southern plains, primarily feeding into the Black River system.
Geographically, the Smith River flows through a limestone karst region, which is characteristic of much of Jamaica's interior. A distinctive feature of the Smith River is its significant subterranean section, where the river disappears into the limestone bedrock and flows underground through a series of caves before re-emerging to continue its course above ground. This phenomenon is common in karst landscapes, where soluble rock allows for the formation of sinkholes, caves, and underground rivers.
The Smith River eventually flows into the Black River, Jamaica's longest river, contributing to the large wetland known as the Black River Morass. This morass is a vital ecological area, supporting diverse plant and animal life, including the endangered American crocodile. The river's contribution is therefore integral to the overall health and water balance of this significant wetland ecosystem.
Due to its underground sections and the nature of the terrain, the Smith River is primarily of hydrological and ecological interest, playing a role in the natural drainage and water supply of the St. Elizabeth parish.