Overview
Selma is a city in Fresno County, California, United States. It is situated in the central part of the state, approximately 25 mi southeast of the city of Fresno. According to the 2020 United States Census, Selma had a population of 23,219, reflecting growth from earlier counts.
Geography
The city lies within the San Joaquin Valley, an extensive agricultural region. It occupies an area of about 5.8 square miles (15.1 km²), all of which is land. Selma sits at an elevation of roughly 312 feet (95 m) above sea level. Major transportation routes include State Route 99, which runs north–south along the western edge of the city, providing access to Fresno and Bakersfield.
History
- Early settlement: The area that became Selma was originally inhabited by the Yokuts people.
- Founding: The settlement was established in the late 19th century as a stop on the Southern Pacific Railroad. The town was named after Selma, Alabama, reflecting the origin of early settlers.
- Incorporation: Selma was incorporated as a city on May 19 1914.
Economy
Agriculture dominates Selma’s economy. The surrounding farmland produces a variety of crops, most notably grapes, almonds, and other stone fruits. The city serves as a commercial hub for surrounding agricultural operations, with related businesses such as equipment suppliers, packing facilities, and distribution centers.
Demographics
Based on the 2020 Census:
- Population: 23,219 residents.
- Ethnic composition: The majority of residents identify as Hispanic or Latino, with significant White, Asian, and African American minorities.
- Household characteristics: Average household size exceeds the national average, reflecting a family‑oriented community.
Education
Selma is served by the Selma Unified School District, which operates multiple elementary schools, a middle school, and Selma High School. The district provides K‑12 education to the city’s youth and offers various extracurricular and vocational programs.
Government
Selma operates under a council‑manager form of government. The city council consists of elected members, including a mayor, who set policy and approve the budget. A professional city manager oversees daily administrative functions.
Infrastructure and Services
- Transportation: In addition to State Route 99, the city is connected by several county roads. Public transit is limited; most residents rely on personal vehicles.
- Utilities: Water, sewage, and waste management services are provided by the City of Selma Utilities Department.
- Healthcare: Local medical services include clinics and a community health center; the nearest major hospitals are located in Fresno.
Culture and Community
Selma hosts annual events that celebrate its agricultural heritage, such as a grape festival and farmers markets. The city maintains parks, recreation facilities, and a library that serve residents of all ages.
Notable Residents
- Manny Pacquiao, professional boxer, holds a residence in the area (citation needed).
- Pauline Starke, former state legislator, was born in Selma (citation needed).
References
- United States Census Bureau, 2020 Decennial Census.
- Selma, California official city website.
- Fresno County historical records.
