Roman Filippov refers to:
- Roman Nikolayevich Filippov (1984–2018), a Russian military pilot with the rank of Major. He was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Russian Federation. On February 3, 2018, his Sukhoi Su-25SM attack aircraft was shot down by a portable air-defense system over Idlib province, Syria. After ejecting into an area controlled by militants, he engaged them with his service pistol. Surrounded and outnumbered, he detonated a hand grenade, killing himself to avoid capture.
- Roman Valeryevich Filippov (born 1997), a Russian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder. He has played for several Russian clubs, including FC Krasnodar-2, FC Chernomorets Novorossiysk, and currently for FC SKA Rostov-on-Don.