The Red Room is one of three state parlors on the State Floor of the White House, the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. It is known for its distinctive red decor, primarily American Empire style furnishings, and serves as a reception area, a small informal dining room, or a music room.
History
The room's history dates back to the early 19th century. Its current designation as the "Red Room" began in 1845, when it was decorated predominantly in red. Over the years, various First Ladies have redecorated the room, often maintaining a red color scheme.
During the administration of James Madison, First Lady Dolley Madison is said to have used the room as a music room. It was in this room that President Rutherford B. Hayes took the oath of office for his first term privately on March 3, 1877, a day before his public inauguration, due to the contentious nature of the 1876 election results.
Significant renovations occurred during the Theodore Roosevelt administration (early 20th century) and the Harry S. Truman reconstruction of the White House (1948-1952), which saw the complete dismantling and rebuilding of the interior. The most iconic modern redecoration was undertaken by First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy in 1961, who worked with French decorator Stéphane Boudin to restore the room to an authentic American Empire style, using a vibrant crimson silk fabric for the walls and upholstery. Subsequent administrations have largely maintained this aesthetic, making only minor changes.
Design and Use
As its name suggests, the Red Room is predominantly decorated in various shades of red, from crimson to deep maroon. The primary decorative style is American Empire, characterized by classical elements, elegant lines, and often featuring dark wood furniture. The room houses a collection of 19th-century American paintings and frequently displays a portrait of former First Lady Dolley Madison.
The Red Room serves multiple functions:
- Reception Area: It is commonly used for small receptions and teas hosted by the President and First Lady.
- Small Dining Room: Occasionally, it is set up for intimate dinners.
- Music Room: Historically, it has been used for musical performances and sometimes houses a piano.
- Ceremonial Functions: It has hosted various official ceremonies and bill signings.
The Red Room is situated between the State Dining Room and the Blue Room, across the hall from the Green Room, forming a suite of state parlors crucial to the White House's public and ceremonial functions.
See Also
- Blue Room (White House)
- Green Room (White House)
- White House State Floor