The Pyongyang Metro is an underground rapid transit system serving the capital city of North Korea, Pyongyang. Operated by the Korean State Railway, it functions both as a public transportation network and a civil defense shelter. The system officially opened on 9 September 1973, commemorating the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
Network structure
- Lines: The network consists of two lines, commonly referred to as the Chollima Line (west–east) and the Hyoksin Line (north–south).
- Stations: There are 17 stations in total, 9 on the Chollima Line and 8 on the Hyoksin Line. All stations are located underground and are spaced relatively far apart compared to many other metros, resulting in longer intervals between stops.
- Length: The combined length of the two lines is approximately 30 km (about 19 mi).
Key characteristics
- Depth: Stations are built at a depth of 100 m (328 ft) or greater, providing protection against aerial bombardment.
- Design: Station interiors feature elaborate socialist realist artwork, including mosaics, murals, and sculptures that portray themes of Korean revolutionary history and the nation's achievements.
- Rolling stock: The system utilizes a fleet of electric multiple units (EMUs) based on the Soviet‑designed 81‑714/717 series, later locally produced under the designation “Kim Yong‑nam.”
- Operation: Trains run on a 750 V DC third‑rail power supply. Service intervals typically range from 5 to 10 minutes during peak periods.
Historical context
Construction began in the early 1970s under the direction of Kim Il‑sung, with assistance from Soviet and East German engineers. The project was intended to demonstrate socialist modernization and to provide a rapid, mass‑transit solution for the capital’s growing population. Since its inception, the metro has remained largely unchanged, with minor upgrades to signaling and rolling‑stock maintenance performed intermittently.
Public access and usage
The Pyongyang Metro is primarily used by residents of Pyongyang for commuting, though access for foreigners is highly restricted. Tourists who are permitted to visit typically experience the system through guided tours that focus on the architectural and artistic elements rather than routine passenger service.
Safety and civil defense
Due to its deep underground construction, the metro doubles as a fallout shelter. Stations are equipped with ventilation systems, sealed doors, and emergency supplies designed to sustain occupants for extended periods in the event of conflict.
Current status
As of the latest publicly available reports, the Pyongyang Metro continues to operate its two lines without major expansions. Information on passenger numbers, financial performance, and future development plans is limited and not routinely disclosed by North Korean authorities.
