[[File:Mexia City Hall.jpg|thumb|right|Mexia City Hall]]
Mexia is a city in Limestone County, Texas, United States. Situated in the central part of the state, it is known for its rich history, particularly its connection to the early Texas oil industry and various historical sites.
History
The city of Mexia was established in 1871 when the Houston and Texas Central Railway built a line through the area. It was named after Enrique Antonio de la Piedras y Mexía, a Mexican general and land speculator who received a land grant in the region in 1833.
Initially, Mexia served as a regional agricultural center. Its most significant boom period occurred in the early 1920s with the discovery of the Mexia Oil Field in 1920-1921. This oil boom dramatically increased the town's population and prosperity, attracting thousands of workers and investors. The rapid development led to the classic "boomtown" characteristics, including a rapid influx of people, businesses, and associated social changes. After the initial frenzy, the oil production stabilized, and the town transitioned to a more diversified economy.
Geography
Mexia is located in central Texas, approximately 40 miles (64 km) east of Waco and about 80 miles (129 km) south-southeast of Dallas. It lies at the intersection of U.S. Route 84 and State Highway 14.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.5 square miles (14.2 km²), of which 5.4 square miles (14.0 km²) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km²) (1.46%) is water. The city is near several bodies of water, including Lake Mexia and the Navasota River. Fort Parker State Park is also located nearby, offering recreational opportunities.
Demographics
As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 7,459 people, 2,823 households, and 1,820 families residing in the city. The population density was approximately 1,372 inhabitants per square mile (530/km²). The city's population reflects a diverse ethnic and racial composition.
Economy
Historically, Mexia's economy has been driven by agriculture and oil. While agriculture (cotton, corn, cattle) remains important, and remnants of the oil industry persist, the modern economy is more diversified. Local businesses, retail, healthcare, and some manufacturing contribute to the local economy. The city also serves as a service hub for the surrounding rural area.
Culture and Points of Interest
Mexia is home to several significant historical and cultural sites:
- Confederate Reunion Grounds: A Texas Historical Commission State Historic Site, it served as a gathering place for Confederate veterans from 1889 to 1946 and features a historic assembly hall, dance pavilion, and an iron bridge.
- Old Fort Parker: Located near Mexia, this reconstructed fort commemorates a 19th-century frontier fort and the site of the infamous 1836 Fort Parker Massacre, where Cynthia Ann Parker was captured by Comanches.
- Lake Mexia: A popular local spot for fishing, boating, and other water recreation.
- Mexia Public Library: An active community resource.
Mexia has also gained some recognition as the hometown of model and television personality Anna Nicole Smith.
Education
Public education in Mexia is primarily provided by the Mexia Independent School District, which includes Mexia High School, Mexia Junior High School, R.Q. Sims Intermediate School, and A.B. McBay Elementary School.
Transportation
U.S. Route 84 and State Highway 14 are the primary highways serving Mexia, connecting it to larger cities and other regional centers. The city also has a municipal airport, Mexia-Limestone County Airport (KLXY), providing general aviation services.