Maarab Agreement

Definition
The Maarab Agreement is a political pact signed in 2016 between the Free Patriotic Movement (FPM) led by Michel Aoun and the Lebanese Forces (LF) led by Samir Geagea. The accord outlined a framework for cooperation between the two parties, particularly concerning electoral strategies and the formation of a unified parliamentary bloc.

Overview
The agreement was concluded on 18 January 2016 in the town of Maarab, located in the Aley District of Mount Lebanon. It marked a significant development in Lebanese politics, as it brought together two historically antagonistic Christian parties that had been on opposing sides during the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). By establishing a mutual understanding, the parties aimed to consolidate Christian representation in the Lebanese Parliament and to present a united front in the 2018 parliamentary elections. The pact also included provisions for the withdrawal of armed militias, the cessation of political violence, and the coordination of policy positions on national issues.

Etymology/Origin
The term “Maarab Agreement” derives from the name of the village of Maarab, where the signing ceremony took place. The location was chosen as a neutral venue accessible to both parties.

Characteristics

• Parties Involved: Free Patriotic Movement (FPM) and Lebanese Forces (LF).
• Date and Venue: 18 January 2016, Maarab, Mount Lebanon.
• Key Provisions:
  1. Electoral Cooperation: Commitment to field joint candidates in constituencies with significant Christian electorates, particularly for the 2018 parliamentary elections.
  2. Political Alignment: Agreement to coordinate stances on major national policies, including governance reforms and the Lebanese presidential election process.
  3. Security Measures: Mutual pledge to cease armed confrontations and to integrate any remaining militia elements into the Lebanese Armed Forces or disarm them.
  4. Institutional Dialogue: Establishment of regular meetings between party leaderships to manage disputes and monitor implementation.
• Confidential Elements: Certain details of the agreement, such as specific seat allocations or financial arrangements, were not publicly disclosed, and their exact nature remains unverified.
• Outcomes: The cooperation contributed to the formation of a joint parliamentary bloc that participated in the 2018 elections. While the alliance persisted for several years, subsequent political developments have altered the dynamics between the two parties.

Related Topics

• Lebanese political parties and sectarian dynamics
• Michel Aoun (politician)
• Samir Geagea (politician)
• Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990)
• 2018 Lebanese parliamentary election
• Sectarianism in Lebanon
• Lebanese Armed Forces and militia disarmament initiatives