Kitab al-Kanuz (Arabic: كتاب الكنوز, literally "Book of Treasures"), more formally known as Kitāb al-Kanūz wa Dhakhā'ir al-Funūn (كتاب الكنوز و ذخائر الفنون, "Book of Treasures and Stores of the Arts"), is an anonymous medieval Arabic manuscript dating from approximately the 12th or 13th century CE. It is a comprehensive compendium of esoteric and practical knowledge, representative of the "books of secrets" genre prevalent in the Islamic world during that period.
The authorship of Kitab al-Kanuz remains unconfirmed, despite occasional traditional attributions to various historical or semi-legendary figures. The manuscript's content is remarkably diverse, reflecting a wide spectrum of intellectual and mystical pursuits. Key subjects covered include alchemy, with descriptions of methods for the transmutation of metals; various magical practices, such as the creation of talismans, the use of incantations, and ritualistic procedures; and different forms of divination.
Beyond its esoteric themes, the book also incorporates elements of natural history, detailing the properties of minerals and plants. A significant portion of Kitab al-Kanuz is dedicated to the topic of hidden treasures, offering geographical descriptions of potential treasure sites, particularly within Egypt and other regions of the ancient Near East, along with purported methods for their discovery. Additionally, the manuscript touches upon cryptography, providing sections on ciphers and codes, and includes various pieces of geographical lore.
Historically, Kitab al-Kanuz provides valuable insights into the scientific, pseudo-scientific, and mystical beliefs of its era. It illustrates the medieval blending of empirical observation, theoretical speculation, and supernatural explanations in the quest for knowledge and power. As a notable example of a medieval Arabic compendium, it highlights the intellectual currents that traversed disciplines now considered distinct, such as chemistry, geology, and occult studies. Multiple copies of the manuscript are preserved in major libraries globally, underscoring its historical significance and continued academic interest.