José Ruiz Baos (1946–2022), professionally known as "Calatraveño," was a Spanish bullfighter (matador de toros) active during the late 1960s, 1970s, and early 1980s. He was born on November 1, 1946, in Bolaños de Calatrava, Ciudad Real, Spain. His professional moniker was derived from his place of origin within the Campo de Calatrava region.
Ruiz Baos began his career in the mid-1960s as a novillero (apprentice bullfighter). He took his alternativa—the formal ceremony elevating a bullfighter to the rank of matador—on September 1, 1968, in Alcázar de San Juan. His sponsor (padrino) was Miguelín, and the witness was José Fuentes. He subsequently confirmed this title at Las Ventas in Madrid on August 22, 1971.
In the bullring, Ruiz Baos was noted for a style characterized by physical strength and bravery, often associated with tremendismo. He was particularly recognized for his willingness to face bulls from "hard" livestock lineages, such as Miura and Pablo Romero, which were known for their size and aggressive temperament. During his career, he achieved several significant triumphs at Las Ventas, the world’s most prominent bullring, where he was carried out through the Puerta Grande (Great Gate) on four occasions.
Though he remained a figure of regional importance in Ciudad Real, he maintained a respected standing in the national bullfighting circuit until his retirement in the 1980s. José Ruiz Baos died on July 28, 2022, in Ciudad Real at the age of 75.