Jean Paul Robert Filiol (9 May 1909 – date of death unknown) was a French right‑wing militant active in the interwar and World War II periods. Born in Dordogne, France, he initially joined the Camelots du Roi, a monarchist youth organization, before becoming one of the founding members of the clandestine terrorist group La Cagoule (officially the Comité secret d’action révolutionnaire) in 1935.
Filiol is noted for his alleged involvement in the 1937 assassination of Italian anti‑fascist brothers Carlo and Nello Rosselli in France; a French court sentenced him to death in absentia in 1948 for this crime. During the German occupation of France, he was interned in 1942 but was released in 1944 on the orders of Vichy collaborator Joseph Darnand.
Following the liberation of France, Filiol fled to Spain, which refused to extradite him to face trial. While in exile he was employed by the local Spanish office of the cosmetics company L’Oréal. His later life and exact date of death remain undocumented in publicly available sources.
References
- Wikipedia contributors, “Jean Filiol,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, accessed April 2026.
- Brigitte and Gilles Delluc, Jean Filiol, du Périgord à la Cagoule, de la Milice à Oradour (Pilote 24, 2005).
- Stanislao G. Pugliese, “Death in Exile: The Assassination of Carlo Rosselli,” Journal of Contemporary History 32, no. 3 (1997): 305‑319.