INS Vagsheer (S43) is the sixth and final submarine of the Kalvari-class (Scorpène-class) conventional diesel-electric attack submarines for the Indian Navy. Built under Project 75 by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) in Mumbai, in collaboration with Naval Group (formerly DCNS) of France, it represents a significant addition to India's underwater warfare capabilities.
Development and Construction: The Kalvari-class submarines are based on the Scorpène design by Naval Group. Project 75 involves the indigenous construction of six such submarines in India. INS Vagsheer is the last in this series, following INS Kalvari, Khanderi, Karanj, Vela, and Vagir. The keel for INS Vagsheer was laid on 12 April 2017, and it was launched on 20 April 2022 at the Kanhoji Angre Wet Basin of MDL. Following its launch, the submarine commenced its rigorous sea trials, which involve testing its propulsion systems, sensors, weapons, and other crucial equipment, to ensure operational readiness before its formal commissioning into the Indian Navy. Its commissioning is anticipated in 2024.
Naming: The name "Vagsheer" is derived from a species of sand shark, known for its stealth and predatory nature, a fitting name for a submarine. This continues the tradition of naming submarines in this class after marine predators. Notably, the name "Vagsheer" also revives the name of a former Foxtrot-class submarine (S26) that served in the Indian Navy from 1974 to 1997.
Capabilities and Features: As a Kalvari-class submarine, INS Vagsheer is designed for a variety of missions, including anti-surface warfare (ASuW), anti-submarine warfare (ASW), intelligence gathering, mine laying, and area surveillance. It incorporates advanced stealth features, such as hydronamically optimized shapes, low radiated noise levels, and the ability to launch guided torpedoes and tube-launched anti-ship missiles (Exocet SM39). The submarine is equipped with a state-of-the-art combat management system, sophisticated sonar systems, and a highly advanced communication suite, enabling it to operate effectively in diverse maritime environments. Its conventional diesel-electric propulsion allows for extended submerged endurance and silent operation.