Definition:
The Finger Lakes AVA (American Viticultural Area) is a designated wine-growing region located in upstate New York, United States. It is recognized by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) for its distinct geographical and climatic conditions conducive to viticulture.
Overview:
Established in 1982, the Finger Lakes AVA encompasses approximately 2,800 square miles (7,250 km²) across several counties, including Ontario, Seneca, Yates, Schuyler, Tompkins, and Cayuga. The region centers around eleven long, narrow, finger-shaped glacial lakes—hence the name—which significantly influence the local microclimate. These lakes moderate temperatures by storing heat during the summer and releasing it in the winter, thereby extending the growing season and reducing the risk of frost damage. This climatic advantage supports a wide range of grape varieties, particularly cold-hardy and aromatic white grapes.
Etymology/Origin:
The name "Finger Lakes" derives from the descriptive appearance of the region's eleven major glacial lakes, which resemble outstretched fingers when viewed on a map. The "AVA" portion stands for "American Viticultural Area," a designation used by the U.S. government to identify distinct wine-producing regions based on geographic and climatic features. The term "Finger Lakes AVA" was officially adopted when the area received its federal designation in 1982.
Characteristics:
The Finger Lakes AVA is notable for its cool climate and elevation, which favor the cultivation of high-acid white wine grapes. Riesling is especially prominent, with the region producing examples ranging from dry to sweet, and earning international acclaim. Other key varieties include Gewürztraminer, Pinot Gris, and Cabernet Franc. The lake-effect climate, combined with varied soil types including glacial loam, shale, and limestone, contributes to the region’s viticultural diversity. Vineyards are primarily located on slopes surrounding the lakes, especially Seneca Lake and Cayuga Lake, which are considered the most productive sub-regions.
Related Topics:
- American Viticultural Areas (AVAs)
- Riesling wine production in the United States
- Wine regions of New York
- Seneca Lake AVA (a sub-appellation established within the Finger Lakes AVA in 2003)
- Climate influence on viticulture
- Cool climate winegrowing