Definition
Federalist No. 68 is an essay in The Federalist Papers, a series of 85 essays written in support of the ratification of the United States Constitution. It specifically addresses the method of electing the President of the United States through the Electoral College.
Overview
Published on March 12, 1788, under the pseudonym "Publius," Federalist No. 68 was primarily authored by Alexander Hamilton. The essay aims to explain and defend the constitutional provisions for presidential elections as outlined in Article II, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution. It emphasizes the role of the Electoral College in ensuring that the President is elected by individuals who are knowledgeable and capable of making informed decisions, rather than through a direct popular vote or congressional selection. Hamilton argues that this system protects against corruption, factionalism, and the potential for foreign influence in the election process.
Etymology/Origin
The term "Federalist No. 68" refers to the 68th essay in The Federalist (also known as The Federalist Papers), a collection first published in New York newspapers—such as The Independent Journal and The New-York Packet—between 1787 and 1788. The essays were written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to advocate for the ratification of the U.S. Constitution by the states. The numbering reflects the chronological order of publication.
Characteristics
- Written by Alexander Hamilton.
- Focuses on the structure and rationale behind the Electoral College.
- Advocates for the selection of electors by the people in each state, though ultimately leaving the method to state legislatures.
- Emphasizes the importance of electors being "men most capable of analyzing the qualities adapted to the station" of President.
- Warns against the dangers of cabal, corruption, and foreign interference.
- Defends indirect election as a mechanism to balance democratic participation with sound judgment.
Related Topics
- The Federalist Papers
- Electoral College (United States)
- United States Constitution, Article II
- Alexander Hamilton
- Ratification of the United States Constitution
- Presidential election in the United States
- Publius (pseudonym)