The Esomus altus, commonly known as the high-backed flying barb or simply flying barb, is a species of small freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae. It is native to Southeast Asia and is recognized for its distinctive body shape and elongated pectoral fins.
Taxonomy and Etymology
- Scientific Name: Esomus altus
- Family: Cyprinidae (Carps and Minnows)
- Subfamily: Danioninae
The genus name Esomus is derived from Greek "e-" (well) and "somos" (body), possibly referring to its slender build. The specific epithet altus is Latin for "high" or "tall," referring to its relatively deeper body compared to other Esomus species. While sometimes misidentified as Esomus metallicus, Esomus altus is a distinct and valid species.
Description
Esomus altus is a small, elongated fish, typically reaching a maximum standard length of about 6 to 7 centimeters (2.4 to 2.8 inches). Its body is silvery, often displaying a subtle dark lateral stripe running from the gill cover to the base of the caudal fin. A key distinguishing feature is its comparatively high or deep back, giving it a somewhat stockier appearance than some of its congeners. It possesses long, pointed pectoral fins that extend well past the pelvic fins, which, combined with its streamlined body, contribute to its common name "flying barb," although it does not actually fly. It has a small, upward-pointing mouth, indicative of its surface-feeding habits.
Habitat and Distribution
This species is widely distributed across mainland Southeast Asia, found in the freshwater systems of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. It primarily inhabits slow-moving or stagnant waters, including ponds, ditches, canals, rice paddies, and flooded areas.
Esomus altus prefers environments with dense aquatic vegetation, which provides cover and a rich source of food.
Diet
Esomus altus is an omnivorous species. Its diet typically consists of small invertebrates, zooplankton, insect larvae, small crustaceans, algae, and detritus found among aquatic plants and on the water surface. Its upturned mouth is well-suited for skimming the water surface for food.
Behavior and Ecology
Esomus altus is a peaceful, shoaling fish, typically found in groups. It is active during the day. Its elongated pectoral fins allow for rapid bursts of speed and precise maneuvering, especially when navigating dense vegetation or escaping predators.
Conservation Status
According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List,
Esomus altus is categorized as
Least Concern (LC). This designation reflects its wide distribution, presence in various habitat types, and presumed stable population trends across its range. No major widespread threats are currently identified for the species.
Human Relevance
Esomus altus is sometimes kept as an aquarium fish due to its peaceful nature, active schooling behavior, and attractive appearance. It is a relatively hardy species suitable for community aquariums. It also plays a minor role in local fisheries within its native range.