A casco (plural: cascos) is a type of flat-bottomed, square-ended barge originating from the Philippines. The term derives from the Spanish word casco, meaning "potsherd" or "ship's hull."
Description
Cascos are large, rectangular barges that resemble the Chinese sampan but are significantly larger in size. They typically feature two detachable masts fitted with junk rigs made of woven fiber. Along the entire length of both sides, cascos possess outrigger-like platforms used by punters (crew members) who propel the vessel with barge poles when navigating shallow waters. The vessel is steered either by a long oar or a central rudder, operated by a helmsman stationed in a small raised platform at the stern. The deck is almost entirely covered by removable curved or pitched panels.
Historical Use
Cascos were most prevalent in southern Luzon, particularly along the Pasig River, Laguna de Bay, and within Manila Bay harbor. They served primarily as cargo carriers on lakes and rivers, and as lighters—small boats used to transport goods and passengers between moored ships and the shore. Until the early 20th century, Manila lacked a deepwater port where large vessels could dock directly, making cascos essential for loading and unloading cargo.
In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, cascos were frequently lashed together in a train and towed by a steamship (vapor). During the Philippine–American War (1899–1902), American troops used cascos as transport vessels on Laguna de Bay.
Modern Usage
Cascos are still used in the present day, primarily in fluvial (river) parades and cultural celebrations. A notable example is the annual feast of Our Lady of Peñafrancia in Naga City, Bicol, where cascos are featured in processions.
See Also
- Balangay
- Sampan
- Paraw
- Karakoa
- Junk (ship)
References
- Galang, Ricardo E. (1941). "Types of Watercraft in the Philippines." The Philippine Journal of Science. 75 (3): 291–306.
- Foreman, John (1906). The Philippine Islands: A Political, Geographical, Ethnographical, Social and Commercial History of the Philippine Archipelago. Hazell, Watson and Viney, LD.
- Dauncey, Campbell (1906). An Englishwoman in the Philippines. E.P. Dutton & Company.
- Insight Guides Philippines (2018). Rough Guides UK. ISBN 9781786718563.
