Brownfield is a town in Oxford County in the state of Maine, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the town had a population of 1,379 residents.
Geography
Brownfield is situated in western Maine, bordering the state of New Hampshire to the west. The town encompasses a total area of approximately 45.5 square miles (117.8 km²), of which 45.1 square miles (116.8 km²) is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km²) is water. The Saco River flows through the southern part of the town, and the landscape includes a mixture of forested hills, agricultural land, and small lakes and ponds.
History
The area that became Brown field was originally inhabited by the Abenaki people. European settlement began in the late 18th century; the town was incorporated on June 23 1826, taking its name from the Brown family, early landowners in the region. Throughout the 19th century, Brownfield’s economy was based on agriculture, timber extraction, and small‑scale manufacturing such as sawmills and gristmills.
Demographics
According to the 2020 census, the town's population density was about 30.6 people per square mile (11.8 people per km²). The racial composition was predominantly White, with small representations of other racial and ethnic groups. Household and family structures reflected a mix of married couples, single‑parent families, and non‑family households, typical of rural communities in the region.
Economy and Infrastructure
Brownfield’s contemporary economy includes agriculture, forestry, small businesses, and tourism related to outdoor recreation. The town is served by Maine State Route 5, which provides access to neighboring communities such as Fryeburg and the larger city of Portland, located roughly 60 miles to the east. Public services include a town office, a volunteer fire department, and the Brownfield Community School, which offers education for elementary and middle‑school grades; high‑school students typically attend schools in nearby towns.
Culture and Notable Sites
- Brownfield Historical Society Museum: Preserves artifacts and documents related to the town’s settlement and development.
- Grove Hill Campground: Offers camping and recreational opportunities near the Saco River.
- Annual Brownfield Fair: A seasonal event featuring agricultural exhibits, local crafts, and community activities.
Government
Brownfield operates under a town meeting form of government, with an elected board of selectmen and various committees overseeing local affairs. The town falls within Maine’s 2nd congressional district for federal representation.
References
- United States Census Bureau, 2020 Decennial Census Data.
- Town of Brownfield official website.
- Oxford County historical archives.
