Bariwas (scientific name: Microcos stylocarpa, formerly classified as Grewia stylocarpa) is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae (formerly Tiliaceae). It is native to the Philippines and is a common shrub or small tree found in tropical and subtropical regions.
Description The Bariwas plant typically grows as a small to medium-sized tree, reaching heights of 5 to 10 meters. Its leaves are simple, alternate, ovate to oblong-elliptic, and have serrated margins with prominent veins. The upper surface of the leaves is usually dark green and shiny, while the underside is paler. The plant produces small, yellowish-white flowers that grow in axillary cymes. The most notable feature is its fruit, which is small, round or ovoid, and typically reddish-purple to black when ripe. Each fruit contains several small seeds. The fruit's flesh is somewhat juicy and tart.
Habitat and Distribution Bariwas is endemic to the Philippines, where it is widely distributed across various islands, including Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. It commonly grows in secondary forests, open fields, clearings, and along roadsides, thriving in low to medium elevations. It is a resilient plant that can adapt to different soil types.
Uses Bariwas holds significance for its various uses, particularly among local communities in the Philippines:
- Edible Fruit: The ripe fruits are edible and are consumed fresh. They have a distinct sour-sweet taste, often described as refreshing. While small, they are sometimes used in local jams or beverages.
- Medicinal Properties: Various parts of the plant are traditionally used in folk medicine. The leaves and bark are believed to possess anti-inflammatory, astringent, and antidiarrheal properties. Decoctions made from these parts are used to treat ailments such as stomach aches, diarrhea, and fever.
- Timber: Although not a primary source of commercial timber, the wood of the Bariwas tree is moderately hard and is occasionally used for small construction, fuelwood, or crafting small implements by local inhabitants.
- Ecological Role: As a native species, it plays a role in local ecosystems, providing food for birds and other wildlife, and contributing to biodiversity.