Aruaia is a municipality located in the state of Goiás, Brazil. It is situated in the north-central region of the state.
Geography: Aruaia covers an area of approximately 1,343.837 square kilometers. Its terrain is characterized by the Brazilian cerrado biome, an extensive savanna ecoregion, featuring flat to gently undulating plains and river valleys. The climate is tropical, with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Demographics: As of recent estimates (e.g., IBGE data), the population of Aruaia is relatively small, typically ranging between 2,500 to 3,000 inhabitants. The population density is low, reflecting its rural character.
Economy: The economy of Aruaia is primarily based on agriculture and livestock farming. Cattle raising is a dominant activity, alongside the cultivation of various crops, including rice, corn, and beans, largely for subsistence and local markets. Public administration and small-scale commerce also contribute to the local economy.
History: The municipality's development is closely linked to the broader settlement and agricultural expansion in Goiás. Like many municipalities in the region, its growth has been tied to the establishment of farms and the development of infrastructure to support the rural population.